前言
根据前一个例子，我们现在已经能凑活地进行多个读取操作了。现在的情况是，串口通信相关的代码和界面相关的代码都在一起，特别乱，需要让串口的相关操作与界面分离开来。
环境
IDE: VS 2019
环境: .NET Core 3.1
依赖: System.IO.Ports、thinger.DataConvertLib
测试工具: Modbus Slave
结构
SerialPortDemo-04
└── CRC.cs
└── MarinForm.cs
└── MySerialPort.cs
└── Program.cs
界面
MySerialPort
定义变量
private SerialPort serialPort = new SerialPort();
// 接收数据缓存
private MemoryStream memoryBuffer = new MemoryStream();
// 串口打开标识
public bool open = false;
// 接收事件
public event Action<byte[]> receiveEvent;
// 输出日志事件
public event Action<string> showLogEvent;
初始化控件显示
public void initBy(ComboBox comboxPortName, ComboBox comboBoxBaudRate)
{
string[] port = System.IO.Ports.SerialPort.GetPortNames();
comboxPortName.Items.AddRange(port);
// 如果有数据显示第0个
comboxPortName.SelectedIndex = comboxPortName.Items.Count > 0 ? 0 : -1;
comboBoxBaudRate.Items.Add(1200);
comboBoxBaudRate.Items.Add(4800);
comboBoxBaudRate.Items.Add(9600);
comboBoxBaudRate.Items.Add(14400);
comboBoxBaudRate.Items.Add(19200);
comboBoxBaudRate.Items.Add(38400);
comboBoxBaudRate.SelectedItem = 9600;
}
打开串口
public void openBy(string portName, int baudRate)
{
try
{
serialPort.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(SerialPortDataReceived);
serialPort.PortName = portName;
serialPort.BaudRate = baudRate;
serialPort.DataBits = 8;
serialPort.StopBits = StopBits.One;
serialPort.Parity = Parity.None;
serialPort.Open();
open = true;
} catch(Exception)
{
throw;
}
}
关闭串口
public void close()
{
try
{
serialPort.Close();
open = false;
} catch(Exception)
{
throw;
}
}
串口接收事件
private void SerialPortDataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
try
{
serialPort = (SerialPort)sender;
byte[] bytebuffer = new byte[serialPort.BytesToRead];
serialPort.Read(bytebuffer, 0, bytebuffer.Length);
// 将接收到的数据写入缓存
memoryBuffer.Write(bytebuffer);
Debug.WriteLine("-------");
Debug.WriteLine("mem length:" + memoryBuffer.Length);
// 判断缓存长度 至少包括数据长度
if (memoryBuffer.Length <= 2)
{
return;
}
// 整包数据长度
byte length = (byte)(ByteLib.GetByteFromByteArray(memoryBuffer.ToArray(), 2) + 5);
Debug.WriteLine("length:" + length);
// 判断缓存长度
if (memoryBuffer.Length < length)
{
return;
}
byte[] temp = new byte[length - 2];
byte[] tempCRC = new byte[2];
Array.Copy(memoryBuffer.ToArray(), temp, temp.Length);
Array.Copy(memoryBuffer.ToArray(), temp.Length, tempCRC, 0, 2);
byte[] needCheckTemp = CRC.crc16(temp);
Debug.WriteLine(StringLib.GetHexStringFromByteArray(temp) + " / " + StringLib.GetHexStringFromByteArray(tempCRC) + " ");
Debug.WriteLine(StringLib.GetHexStringFromByteArray(needCheckTemp));
Debug.WriteLine(!(tempCRC[0] == needCheckTemp[length - 2] && tempCRC[1] == needCheckTemp[length - 1]));
Debug.WriteLine(tempCRC[0] + " " + needCheckTemp[length - 2] + " " + tempCRC[1] + " " + needCheckTemp[length - 1]);
// 数据长度满足条件，判断校验位
if (!(tempCRC[0] == needCheckTemp[length - 2] && tempCRC[1] == needCheckTemp[length - 1]))
{
// 缓存清空
memoryBuffer = new MemoryStream();
return;
}
Debug.WriteLine("收到响应：" + StringLib.GetHexStringFromByteArray(memoryBuffer.ToArray()));
showLogEvent?.Invoke("收到响应：" + StringLib.GetHexStringFromByteArray(memoryBuffer.ToArray()));
receiveEvent?.Invoke(memoryBuffer.ToArray());
}
catch (Exception)
{
throw;
}
}
串口写操作
public void write(byte[] buffer)
{
try
{
byte[] request = CRC.crc16(buffer);
memoryBuffer = new MemoryStream();
Debug.WriteLine("发送请求：" + StringLib.GetHexStringFromByteArray(request));
showLogEvent?.Invoke("发送请求：" + StringLib.GetHexStringFromByteArray(request));
serialPort.Write(request, 0, request.Length);
} catch(Exception)
{
throw;
}
}
MainForm
定义变量
private MySerialPort serialPort = new MySerialPort();
private int action = -1; // 0 读取; 1 请求解析读取
// 按钮控制列表
private List<Button> buttonList = new List<Button>();
控件初始化
private void MainForm_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
serialPort.initBy(comboxPortName, comboBoxBaudRate);
serialPort.showLogEvent += (message) => Invoke(new Action(() => textBoxLog.AppendText(message + "\r\n")));
serialPort.receiveEvent += receive;
// 按钮加入控制列表
buttonList.Add(buttonRead);
buttonList.Add(buttonRead1);
}
串口接收事件
private void receive(byte[] buffer)
{
try
{
switch (action)
{
case 0:
MessageBox.Show("读取完成");
break;
case 1:
Invoke(new Action(() =>
{ // 响应的数据
// 01 03 06 00 00 00 02 00 00 80 B5
// 0x01 -- 从机地址； 0x03 -- 功能码； 0x06 -- 数据长度
// 0x00 0x00 -- 第一个寄存器的值
// 0x00 0x02 -- 第二个寄存器的值
// 0x00 0x00 -- 第三个寄存器的值
// 0x80 0xB5 -- 校验位
textBoxAddress1.Text = ShortLib.GetShortFromByteArray(buffer, 3).ToString();
textBoxAddress2.Text = ShortLib.GetShortFromByteArray(buffer, 5).ToString();
textBoxAddress3.Text = ShortLib.GetShortFromByteArray(buffer, 7).ToString();
}));
MessageBox.Show("请求解析读取");
break;
}
action = -1;
// 按钮恢复
Invoke(new Action(() => buttonList.ForEach(button => button.Enabled = true)));
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
}
}
打开串口
private void buttonOpen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
if (!serialPort.open)
{
serialPort.openBy(comboxPortName.Text, int.Parse(comboBoxBaudRate.Text));
buttonOpen.Text = "关闭串口";
}
else
{
serialPort.close();
buttonOpen.Text = "打开串口";
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
}
发送读取命令
private void buttonRead_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
// 按钮失效
buttonList.ForEach(button => button.Enabled = false);
action = 0;
byte[] request = new byte[] { 0x01, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x64 };
serialPort.write(request);
} catch(Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
}
发送读取命令1
private void buttonRead1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
// 按钮失效
buttonList.ForEach(button => button.Enabled = false);
action = 1;
byte[] request = new byte[] { 0x01, 0x03, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x03 };
serialPort.write(request);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
}
测试
启动Modbus Slave
使用Modbus Slave连接到虚拟串口中，并开启100个寄存器作为测试使用，然后将寄存器地址2的值改为2。
运行程序
